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Nicotine in cigarettes acts as a stimulant, narrowing blood vessels and making it harder for blood to flow, thus increasing blood pressure.
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Smoking triggers inflammation throughout the body, including in blood vessels, which damages their linings and reduces their flexibility, contributing to hypertension.
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Smoking raises heart rate, which puts extra strain on the heart and arteries over time, potentially leading to sustained high blood pressure.
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Smoking produces free radicals that damage cells and tissues, including blood vessels, through oxidative stress, exacerbating hypertension.
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Smoking harms kidney function, impairing their ability to regulate fluid balance and remove waste products, which can lead to higher blood pressure levels.
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